Air Pollution Basics

A deep dive into the latest air pollution statistics from the AQLI, revealing the regions most at risk and the need for equitable air quality monitoring.

Proximity to freeways increases exposure to harmful air pollutants linked to serious health risks. Vehicular air pollution can spread over a mile from its source, with disproportionate impacts on vulnerable and historically marginalized communities.

Air pollution affects everyone, but women and girls often face higher exposure and greater health risks, especially during pregnancy and in underserved communities.

Air pollution disrupts sleep. Poor air quality affects respiratory health and the central nervous system, while global warming’s nighttime warmth additionally interferes with the body’s circadian thermoregulation.

Ambient and indoor air pollution come from different sources but often mix, exposing people to harmful pollutants like particulate matter, and contributing to long-term health and environmental problems.

Air pollution has changed over time, with sources evolving from wood burning and smelting to widespread fossil fuel use, industrial emissions, and intensified wildfires.

While global burned area from wildfires has declined due to land use changes, many regions are experiencing more intense fire seasons, with more people living in high-risk areas.

In 2025, wildfire activity has varied across regions, with some areas seeing drier weather and more severe fire seasons than usual. Changing climate conditions continue to increase wildfires and affect air quality worldwide.

Wildfire smoke contains a complex mix of harmful pollutants, such as ozone precursors, carbon monoxide, and particulate matter like PM2.5 and black carbon. These pollutants can affect health and travel far from the fire source.

Air pollution affects millions every year, but there are simple, effective ways to protect yourself, especially during events like wildfires. Learn how to read the AQI, reduce exposure, and improve indoor air quality.